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- BUSINESS, Page 57Special Report: Crisis in Banking"A Bunch of Delinquents"
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- Henry Gonzalez, populist chairman of the House Banking
- Committee, says a conspiracy of selfishness blocks reform
-
- By Richard Woodbury/San Antonio and Henry Gonzalez
-
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- Q. What are the effects of all this financial disarray on
- the average American?
-
- A. There are definite signs of fear. For 50 years, the
- American citizen thought he never had to worry about one thing:
- his little deposit in the bank. Well, he's worrying about it
- now, and that is not good. You shake that public confidence,
- and no telling where events will lead us.
-
-
- Q. Will the banks' problems ultimately be as serious as the
- thrifts'?
-
- A. That depends on how quickly we can overhaul our entire
- financial system and bring some law-and-order to what has been
- a law of the jungle. The nation is repeating the mistakes of
- 1900 to 1929, when we stumbled through a crisis by never
- addressing the root cause: the breakdown of the regulatory
- systems. We must reform the apparatus, which is a mishmash of
- overlapping agencies.
-
-
- Q. Meantime, does the Deposit Insurance Fund have enough
- money to see us through the crisis?
-
- A. The fund is in great danger of exhaustion, and we may all
- have to bear the brunt. My hunch is that at the rate the fund
- is shrinking, the banks don't have the resources to shore it
- up. We can raise the premiums they pay in, but that may just
- send more banks into ruin.
-
-
- Q. How much will the failed thrifts and banks ultimately
- cost the taxpayer?
-
- A. At the present rate, it's a bottomless pit because the
- regulators have usurped Congress's powers. They've paid out
- nearly $10 billion to $100,000-plus account holders in failed
- institutions. Those accounts aren't even insured. The fund
- can't keep taking hits like that.
-
-
- Q. Why does the cleanup appear to be dragging so slowly?
-
- A. The special interests have paralyzed the legislative
- process with all their pushing and shoving. There's an amazing
- lack of maturity among our leaders in Congress and the private
- sector. I used to be a juvenile officer, and I know exactly
- what we have now: a bunch of delinquents, each of them with
- just enough muscle to block the other guy. It's been a sheer
- battle of appetites.
-
-
- Q. Has the Resolution Trust Corporation shaken off its early
- problems and got on with the disposal of foreclosed assets?
-
- A. The RTC is becoming what I always feared the most: a
- permanently overgrown bureaucracy. In Texas I'm getting
- disturbing conflict-of-interest reports about government
- lawyers who work on contracts and then quit and come back on
- the other side of the table on the same deal.
-
-
- Q. Is there a clear plan in place for banking reform?
-
- A. No, and that is the central problem. We must figure how
- to conceptualize the kind of banking system the country must
- have. One thing seems certain: we can't go on with the crazy
- patchwork of giant banks and small ones.
-
-
- Q. Why is that?
-
- A. There's no way the tiny banker can compete with an
- institution that has no bad loans and that has grown with the
- help of government underwriting of its takeovers. The small guy
- is going to go under. We have in a sense nationalized the
- system. And the diminished bank competition is aggravating the
- credit crunch.
-
-
- Q. What led you to take such an aggressive role in
- unraveling the banking mess?
-
- A. The goings-on were disgusting. It sort of helps, too,
- that the lobbyists can't figure me out. They call me eccentric
- because they don't know where I stand. They don't think I have
- any clout, so they try to ignore me. My campaign contributions
- from S&L lobbyists have been averaging $23 a year.
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